Ukuqonda Ubuchwepheshe Be-Offset Printing Machines

Isingeniso:

Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni ngobuningi kwezinto zokuphrinta zekhwalithi ephezulu. Kusukela emaphephandabeni nakomagazini kuye kwezincwajana nasemaphaketheni, ukunyathelisa nge-offset sekuyindlela ethandwayo yokunyathelisa ngenjongo yokuthengisa. Kodwa isebenza kanjani le mishini? Buyini ubuchwepheshe obudala ukusebenza kwabo? Kulesi sihloko, sizongena sijule enkingeni eyinkimbinkimbi yemishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset, sihlole izingxenye zayo, izinqubo nezinqubo zayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu othanda ukunyathelisa noma ufuna ukwazi ngobuchwepheshe obuletha izinto eziphrintiwe ekuphileni, lesi sihloko sizokunikeza ukuqonda okuphelele kokusebenza kwangaphakathi kwemishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset.

Okuyisisekelo kokuphrinta kwe-Offset:

Ukuphrinta kwe-offset kuyindlela edumile esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza kabusha izithombe nombhalo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, ngokuvamile ephepheni. Igama elithi "offset" libhekisela ekudlulisweni okungaqondile kwesithombe sisuka epuleti lokuphrinta siye ku-substrate. Ngokungafani nezindlela zokuphrinta eziqondile, njenge-letterpress noma i-flexography, ukuphrinta kwe-offset kusebenzisa umlamuli - ingubo yerabha - ukudlulisa isithombe ku-substrate. Le ndlela inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ikhwalithi ephezulu yesithombe, ukukhiqizwa kombala okunembile, kanye nekhono lokuphrinta ezintweni ezihlukahlukene.

Izingxenye Zomshini Wokuphrinta we-Offset:

Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-Offset iyisistimu eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ndawonye ngokuvumelana. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwengxenye ngayinye kuyisihluthulelo sokuqonda ubuchwepheshe bemishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset. Ake sihlole lezi zingxenye ngokuningiliziwe:

Ipuleti Lokuphrinta:

Enhliziyweni yawo wonke umshini wokuphrinta we-offset yipuleti lokuphrinta - ishidi lensimbi noma ipuleti le-aluminium elithwala isithombe ukuze siphrintwe. Isithombe esisepuletini senziwa ngenqubo yokucindezelwa kusengaphambili, lapho ipuleti livezwa ukukhanya kwe-UV noma izixazululo zamakhemikhali, liguqule izindawo ezikhethiwe ukuze zikwazi ukwamukela uyinki. Ipuleti libe selinamathiselwa kusilinda sepuleti lomshini wokunyathelisa, okuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwesithombe okunembayo nokungaguquguquki.

Uhlelo lwe-inking:

Isistimu ye-inking inesibopho sokusebenzisa uyinki epuleti lokuphrinta. Iqukethe uchungechunge lwamarola, okuhlanganisa i-fountain roller, i-inki roller, kanye ne-distributor roller. Irola lomthombo, elicwiliswe emthonjeni kayinki, liqoqa uyinki bese liwudlulisela kurola uyinki. Irola ye-inki, yona, idlulisela uyinki ku-roller yokusabalalisa, esakaza ngokulinganayo uyinki epuleti lokuphrinta. Isistimu ye-inki ikalwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvela kabusha kombala okunembile kanye nokusabalalisa kukayinki okungaguquki.

I-Blanket Cylinder:

Ngemuva kokuthi isithombe sidluliselwe epuleti lokuphrinta, sidinga ukuphinde sidluliselwe ku-substrate yokugcina. Yilapho ingubo yenjoloba iqala khona ukusebenza. Isilinda sengubo siphethe ingubo yerabha, ecindezelwa epuleti lokuphrinta ukuze uthole isithombe esiyinki. Inzuzo yokusebenzisa ingubo yenjoloba ukuguquguquka kwayo, ukuyivumela ukuba ihambisane nama-contours we-substrate. Njengoba isilinda sengubo sizungeza, isithombe esiyinki sisuswa engubeni, silungele isigaba esilandelayo senqubo.

I-Impression Cylinder:

Ukudlulisa isithombe kusuka kwengubo kuya ku-substrate, ingubo ne-substrate kudingeka zihlangane. Lokhu kufezwa kusetshenziswa isilinda esiwuphawu. Isilinda esibonakalayo sicindezela i-substrate ngokumelene nengubo, okuvumela isithombe esiyinki ukuthi sidluliselwe. Ingcindezi esetshenzisiwe kufanele ilawulwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokuphrinta engaguquki futhi kuvinjwe umonakalo ku-substrate. Isilinda esibonakalayo singalungiswa ukuze sikwazi ukuthwala ama-substrates anogqinsi oluhlukene, okwenza ukuphrinta kwe-offset kusebenze ngezindlela eziningi ezinhlelweni ezahlukene.

Indlela Yephepha:

Eceleni kwezingxenye ezibalulekile, umshini wokunyathelisa we-offset ubuye ube nomzila wephepha oklanywe kahle ukuze uqondise i-substrate ngenqubo yokuphrinta. Umzila wephepha uqukethe ama-roller amaningana namasilinda avumela ukuphatha kahle nokunemba kwe-substrate. Kusukela kuyunithi yokuphakelayo kuya kuyunithi yokulethwa, umzila wephepha uqinisekisa ukunyakaza okushelelayo kwe-substrate, ukugcinwa kokubhaliswa nokunciphisa ubungozi bokuminyana kwephepha. Indlela yephepha enembayo ibalulekile ekuzuzeni imiphumela yobungcweti bokuphrinta.

Inqubo yokuphrinta ye-Offset:

Manje njengoba sesihlole izingxenye eziyinhloko zomshini wokunyathelisa we-offset, ake sihlolisise inqubo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo ehilelekile ekukhiqizeni izinto ezinyathelisiwe.

Cindezela ngaphambilini:

Ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale ukuphrinta, ipuleti lokuphrinta lidinga ukulungiswa. Lokhu kuhilela ukudalula ipuleti ekukhanyeni kwe-UV noma izixazululo zamakhemikhali, ezishintsha ngokukhetha izindawo zayo ezingaphezulu ukuze zamukele uyinki. Uma ipuleti selilungile, linamathiselwe kusilinda sepuleti, lilungele ukuthola uyinki.

Isicelo sikayinki:

Njengoba ipuleti lokuphrinta lizungeza kusilinda sepuleti, isistimu ye-inking isebenzisa uyinki endaweni yayo. Irola yomthombo iqoqa uyinki emthonjeni kayinki, bese idluliselwa kurola kayinki bese isakazwa ngokulinganayo epuletini lokuphrinta. Izindawo ezingezona izithombe zepuleti, ezixosha amanzi, zigcina uyinki, kuyilapho izindawo zesithombe zamukela uyinki ngenxa yokwelashwa kwazo ngesikhathi sesiteji sangaphambi kokucindezela.

Ukudluliswa kwe-ink ku-Blanket:

Ngemuva kokuthi uyinki esetshenziswe epuleti lokuphrinta, isithombe sisuswa phezu kwengubo yenjoloba njengoba isilinda sengubo sihlangana nepuleti. Ingubo ithola isithombe esiyinki, manje esesihlehlisiwe futhi esilungele ukudluliselwa ku-substrate.

Ukudluliswa kwesithombe ku-Substrate:

Ngesithombe esiyinki esihlala phezu kwengubo, i-substrate yethulwa. Isilinda esibonakalayo sicindezela i-substrate ngokumelene nengubo, idlulisela isithombe esinoyinki endaweni yayo. Ingcindezi esetshenzisiwe iqinisekisa umbono wekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphandle kokulimaza i-substrate.

Ukomisa nokuqeda:

Uma i-substrate ithola isithombe esiyinki, iqhubeka ngenqubo yokumisa ukuze isuse noma yimuphi umswakama osele futhi isheshise ukuphulukiswa kweyinki. Izindlela zokomisa ezihlukahlukene, njengezibani zokushisa noma ezomisa umoya, zisetshenziswa ukusheshisa lesi sigaba. Ngemva kokoma, ukwaziswa okunyathelisiwe kungase kudlule izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuqedela, njengokusikwa, ukugoqa, noma ukubopha, ukuze kuzuzwe ifomu lokugcina elifiswayo.

Isiphetho:

Imishini yokuphrinta ye-Offset iyinhlanganisela emangalisayo yobunjiniyela obunembayo kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Inhlanganisela yezingxenye ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kupuleti lokunyathelisa kanye nesistimu ye-inki kuya kwengubo yokulala namasilinda abonisayo, ivumela ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokuphrinta zekhwalithi ephezulu ezinombala ohlukile nokulungiswa. Ukuqonda ubuchwepheshe obulandela le mishini kunikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngobunkimbinkimbi benqubo yokunyathelisa kanye nezinyathelo zokucophelela ezihilelekile ekudaleni izinto zokuphrinta ezichwepheshile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyiphrinta efisayo noma umane uthakasele umhlaba wokuphrinta kwe-offset, ukuhlola ubunkimbinkimbi bezobuchwepheshe bemishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset kunikeza amazwibela athakazelisayo obuciko nesayensi yokukhiqiza ukuphrinta.