Inzululwazi ngasemva koomatshini boShicilelo be-Offset

I-Offset printing bubuchule bokushicilela obusetyenziswa ngokubanzi obuye baguqula ishishini. Ibonelela ngezisombululo zoshicilelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezingabizi kakhulu kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa amaphephandaba, amaphephancwadi, iincwadi, kunye nezinto zokupakisha. Ngapha koko, oomatshini bokushicilela beoffset basebenzisa imigaqo yenzululwazi ukuze bavelise imibhalo echanileyo nenomtsalane. Kweli nqaku, siphonononga inzululwazi ngoomatshini bokushicilela beoffset, sijonga amacandelo aphambili, iinkqubo kunye nenkqubela phambili eyenza obu bugcisa busebenze kakuhle kwaye buthembeke.

Imbali yoShicilelo lwe-Offset

Phambi kokuntywila kwinzululwazi yoomatshini bokushicilela beoffset, kubalulekile ukukhangela ngokufutshane kwimbali yolu tshintsho lobugcisa bokushicilela. Ushicilelo lwe-Offset lwaqala ukwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 njengenye indlela yoshicilelo olwalukho ngelo xesha. Ifumene ukuthandwa ngenxa yokuphucula ukuguquguquka kwayo, isantya, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukudlulisa i-inki ukusuka kwipleyiti ukuya kwingubo yerabha ngaphambi kokuba idluliselwe kwindawo yokushicilela. Le ndlela yoshicilelo engathanga ngqo isusa isidingo sokucofa ngokuthe ngqo iipleyiti zokushicilela kwiphepha, okubangela ukuba kuprintwe umgangatho ophezulu onemifanekiso ebukhali kunye nokugqiba okugudileyo.

Imigaqo yoShicilelo lwe-Offset

Ukuze uqonde inzululwazi ngasemva koomatshini bokushicilela be-offset, kubalulekile ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko esisiseko sobu buchule. Ushicilelo lweoffset luxhomekeke kumgaqo wokuba ioli namanzi azixubeki. I-inki esetyenziswa kule nkqubo isekelwe kwi-oyile, ngelixa ipleyiti yokushicilela kunye nenkqubo yonke isebenzisa izisombululo ezisekelwe emanzini. Le ngcamango ibalulekile ekuphumezeni ushicilelo oluchanekileyo noludlamkileyo.

Indima yeepleyiti zoShicilelo

Oomatshini bokushicilela be-offset basebenzisa iipleyiti zokushicilela, ezenziwe nge-aluminiyam okanye i-polyester, njengesiseko sokwenza iiprints. La macwecwe adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudluliseleni i-inki kwindawo yokushicilela. Ziquka umaleko wephotosensitive osabela ekukhanyeni kwaye utshintshe iikhemikhali, ekugqibeleni wenze umfanekiso oza kushicilelwa. Amacwecwe afakwe kwiisilinda ngaphakathi komatshini wokushicilela, okuvumela ukuprinta okuchanekileyo kunye nokuhambelana.

Kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-plate imaging, iipleyiti zokushicilela zisesichengeni sokukhanya okukhulu, ngokufuthi zisebenzisa iilaser okanye ii-light-emitting diodes (LEDs). I-exposure ibangela ukuba i-photosensitive layer ibe lukhuni kwiindawo apho umfanekiso uya kuprintwa, ngelixa iindawo ezingezizo umfanekiso zihlala zithambile. Olu lwahlulo lwenza isiseko sokudluliselwa kwe-inki ngexesha lenkqubo yokushicilela.

Ukuqonda iNkqubo ye-Offset

Inkqubo yoshicilelo lweoffset ibandakanya amanqanaba ahlukeneyo anegalelo kumgangatho obalaseleyo woshicilelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ezi zigaba zibandakanya ukushicilela kwangaphambili, ukushicilela, kunye nemisebenzi yasemva kokushicilela.

Cinezela kwangaphambili

Ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe ukushicilela, imisebenzi yokushicilela kwangaphambili ilungiselela amacwecwe okushicilela uze uqinisekise ukuba alungelelaniswa ngokuchanekileyo. Eli nqanaba libandakanya imifanekiso yeepleyiti, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, apho amacwecwe abonakaliswe ekukhanyeni ukudala umfanekiso. Ukongeza, i-prepress ibandakanya imisebenzi efana nokulungiselela umsebenzi wobugcisa, ukwahlula umbala, kunye nokubekwa - ukulungelelaniswa kwamaphepha amaninzi kwipleyiti enye yokushicilela ukuze kushicilelwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukushicilela

Nje ukuba inqanaba lokushicilela ligqityiwe, eyona nkqubo yokushicilela iyaqala. Koomatshini bokushicilela be-offset, i-inki ikhutshwa kwipleyiti isiwe kwindawo yokushicilela ngombhobho ophakathi wengubo. Uluhlu lweerola lulawula ukuhamba kwe-inki, luqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluchanekileyo kunye noluguquguqukayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokushicilela. Isilinda sengubo, esigqunywe ngengubo yerabha, sifumana i-inki epleyitini ize iyigqithisele kwindawo yokushicilela, ngokuqhelekileyo iphepha.

Le ndlela yokudlulisa ngokungangqalanga, apho i-inki idibana khona kuqala nengubo yerabha ngaphambi kokuba ifike ephepheni, yiyo eyenza ushicilelo lweoffset lube negama layo. Ngokusebenzisa ingubo yerabha eyomelela, ushicilelo lweoffset luphelisa uxinezeleko oluthe ngqo olufumaneka kwezinye iindlela zokushicilela, nto leyo ebangela ukuguga nokukrazuka kweepleyiti zokushicilela. Ikwavumela ukushicilelwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokwakheka komphezulu ohlukeneyo, ubukhulu, kunye nokugqiba.

Ngeposi-Cofa

Emva kokuba inkqubo yoshicilelo igqityiwe, imisebenzi ye-post-press iyenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziprintiweyo zikumgangatho ophezulu. Le misebenzi inokubandakanya ukusika, ukubopha, ukusonga, kunye nezinye izinto zokugqiba ukuhambisa imveliso yokugqibela ehlangabezana neenkcukacha ezinqwenelekayo. Ubhaliso oluchanekileyo oluphunyeziweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yoshicilelo lwe-offset lunegalelo ekuqhutyweni ngokuchanekileyo kwezi nkqubo zasemva kokushicilela.

Inzululwazi ye-Inki kunye neMibala

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-inki ngumba obalulekileyo woshicilelo lweoffset, oluchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho kunye nokushukuma kweziphumo eziprintiweyo. Iinki ezisetyenziswa koomatshini bokushicilela be-offset zihlala zisekwe kwi-oyile kwaye zineebala ezenza imibala enqwenelekayo. Ezi pigments ngamasuntswana acoliweyo adityaniswe neoli ukuze enze i-inki egudileyo nengaguqukiyo. Ubume be-oyile obusekelwe kwi-inki buqinisekisa ukuba ibambelele kumacwecwe okushicilela kwaye idluliselwe ngokulula kwindawo yokushicilela.

Ulawulo lwemibala yenye inkalo yenzululwazi yoshicilelo lwe-offset. Ukuzuza imibala echanekileyo nengaguquguqukiyo kuzo zonke iindidi zoshicilelo kunye nemisebenzi yoshicilelo kufuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwee-inki zemibala kunye nokulinganisa umatshini wokushicilela. Amaziko oshicilelo ochwephesha asebenzisa iinkqubo zolawulo lwemibala kunye nesoftware ekhethekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kukuveliswa kombala.

Ukuqhubela phambili koomatshini boShicilelo be-Offset

Oomatshini bokushicilela be-Offset babone inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kule minyaka idlulileyo, iphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobuchule babo. Olu phuculo luye lwakhokelela ekuphuculweni kweendawo eziphambili ezifana nesantya sokushicilela, ukuchaneka kombala, ukuzenzekelayo, kunye nokuzinza kwendalo.

Isantya soShicilelo kunye neMveliso

Ngokuhambela phambili koomatshini bokushicilela beoffset, isantya sokushicilela siye sanda kakhulu. Oomatshini banamhlanje banokuvelisa amawaka eprinta ngeyure, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokuvelisa. Esi santya sandisiweyo sivumela imveliso ephezulu kunye namaxesha okuguqula ngokukhawuleza, ukwenza ushicilelo lweoffset lube lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kushicilelo olukhulu.

Ukuchaneka koMbala

Ukuhambela phambili kweenkqubo zolawulo lwemibala nolawulo lwekhompyutha kuye kwaphucula kakhulu ukuchana kombala kushicilelo lweoffset. Ubuchwephesha bokwenza iprofayile yombala, ii-spectrophotometers, kunye nesoftware yokulinganisa umbala yenza ukuba kube lula ukulawula ukuphinda kuveliswe umbala, kuqinisekiswe ukuhambelana koshicilelo oluninzi.

Ukuzenzekela kunye nokuchaneka

I-automation ibe yeyona nto iphambili ekuqhubeni kakuhle koomatshini bokushicilela be-offset. Iinkqubo ezilawulwa ngekhompyutha zenza imisebenzi efana nokulayishwa kwepleyiti, ukuhanjiswa kwe-inki, kunye nokubhaliswa, ukunciphisa impazamo yabantu kunye nokwandisa ukuchaneka ngokubanzi. Oku kuzenzekelayo kukwavumela ukuseta lula kunye nokutshintsha umsebenzi ngokukhawuleza, ukomeleza ngakumbi imveliso.

Uzinzo lokusiNgqongileyo

Ushicilelo lwe-Offset lwenze imitsi ephawulekayo ekubeni nobuhlobo ngakumbi nokusingqongileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwee-inks ezisekelwe kwi-soy kunye nemifuno zithathe indawo ye-petroleum-based based inki, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yokushicilela. Ukongeza, ukuqhubela phambili ekuhlaziyweni kwe-inki kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchule bokushicilela obungenamanzi bunciphise ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo kunye nokuveliswa kwenkunkuma.

Isishwankathelo

Oomatshini bokushicilela be-Offset basebenzisa inzululwazi ngasemva kokudluliselwa kwe-inki, umfanekiso wepleyiti, kunye nolawulo lombala ukuhambisa ushicilelo olukumgangatho ophezulu ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweepleyiti zokushicilela, inkqubo yeoffset, nobugcisa obuhambele phambili buye benza iinguqu kwishishini lokushicilela. Ngokuqhubekayo kwinkqubela yesantya, ukuchaneka kombala, ukuzenzela, kunye nokuzinza, ushicilelo lweoffset luhlala lubalulekile nobubuchule bokushicilela. Enoba bavelisa amaphephandaba, amaphephancwadi, iincwadi, okanye izinto zokupakisha, oomatshini bokushicilela beoffset baqhubeka benendima ebalulekileyo ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno ezahlukahlukeneyo zokushicilela zemizi-mveliso eyahlukahlukeneyo.