Oomatshini boShicilelo lwe-Offset: Ukuqonda iNkqubo

Ukushicilela sele kuhambe umgama omde ukususela oko kwaqaliswayo, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokushicilela eziphuhliswayo zaza zaphuculwa ukutyhubela iminyaka. Phakathi kwezi ndlela, ukushicilela ngeoffset kuye kwavela njengenye yezona ndlela zithandwayo nezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Oomatshini bokushicilela beoffset baye bayiguqula imveliso emininzi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kube lula ukushicilela imiqulu emikhulu yoshicilelo olukumgangatho ophezulu ngokukhawuleza nangendlela ephumelelayo. Kweli nqaku, siza kugocagoca kubuchwephesha koomatshini bokushicilela beoffset, siphonononga inkqubo entsonkothileyo eyenzekayo emva komboniso.

Iziseko zoomatshini boShicilelo be-Offset

I-offset printing bubuchule obubandakanya ukufuduswa komfanekiso ukusuka kwipleyiti ukuya kwingubo yerabha ngaphambi kokuba ekugqibeleni idluliselwe kwindawo yokushicilela. Isekelwe kumgaqo wokuchasa phakathi kweoli kunye namanzi, kunye neendawo zomfanekiso ezikhanga i-inki kunye neendawo ezingezizo umfanekiso eziwugxothayo. Oomatshini bokushicilela be-Offset basebenzisa uthotho lweendlela ezintsonkothileyo kunye namacandelo ukuphumeza le nkqubo.

Izinto eziphambili zomatshini wokushicilela we-offset ziquka i-cylinder yepleyiti, i-cylinder yengubo, kunye ne-impression cylinder. Ezi zisilinda zisebenza kunye ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-inki ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuveliswa komfanekiso. I-cylinder yepleyiti ibamba ipleyiti yokushicilela, equlethe umfanekiso oza kushicilelwa. I-cylinder yengubo inengubo yerabha ejikeleze kuyo, efumana inki kwi-plate kwaye idlulisele kwiphepha okanye enye i-substrate yokushicilela. Ekugqibeleni, i-cylinder ye-impression ifaka uxinzelelo kwiphepha okanye i-substrate, iqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokudluliselwa komfanekiso.

Inkqubo yokuNgena

Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kumatshini wokushicilela we-offset yinkqubo yawo ye-inki. Inkqubo ye-inking iquka uluhlu lwe-roller, nganye inomsebenzi othile. Ezi ziqengqelezi zinoxanduva lokudlulisa i-inki ukusuka kumthombo we-inki ukuya kwipleyiti ize iye phezu kwengubo.

Umthombo we-inki ngumthombo ogcina i-inki, ethi ke idluliselwe kwiirola ze-inki. I-inki rollers idibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-source roller, ithatha i-inki kwaye idlulisele kwi-ductor roller. Ukusuka kwi-ductor roller, i-inkino idluliselwa kwi-cylinder yeplate, apho isetyenziswe kwiindawo zemifanekiso. I-inki engaphezulu isuswe ngoluhlu lwe-oscillating rollers, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inani elichanekileyo nelilawulwayo le-inki lisetyenziswa kwi-plate.

Ipleyiti kunye neBlanket Cylinder

Isilinda sepleyiti kunye nesilinda sengubo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yoshicilelo lweoffset. I-cylinder yepleyiti ibamba ipleyiti yokushicilela, eyenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo nge-aluminiyam okanye i-polyester. Koomatshini bokushicilela bale mihla, iipleyiti zidla ngokuba ziipleyiti zecomputer-to-plate (CTP), ezifanekiselwa ngokuthe ngqo kusetyenziswa iilaser okanye ubuchwepheshe be-inkjet.

I-cylinder yeplate iyajikeleza, ivumela ipleyiti ukuba idibane ne-inki rollers kwaye idlulisele i-inki kwi-cylinder yengubo. Njengoko i-cylinder yeplate ijikeleza, i-inki iyakhangwa kwiindawo zomfanekiso kwi-plate, eziye zaphathwa njenge-hydrophilic okanye i-ink-receptive. Imimandla engeyiyo imifanekiso, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hydrophobic okanye i-inki-repellent, iqinisekisa ukuba kuphela umfanekiso ofunekayo udluliswa.

I-cylinder yengubo, njengoko igama layo libonisa, ligqunywe ngengubo yerabha. Ingubo isebenza njengomlamli phakathi kwepleyiti kunye nephepha okanye enye i-substrate yokushicilela. Ifumana i-inki kwi-cylinder yeplate kwaye idlulisele kwiphepha, iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa komfanekiso ococekileyo kunye nokuhambelana.

I-Impression Cylinder

I-cylinder ye-impression inoxanduva lokufaka uxinzelelo kwiphepha okanye kwi-substrate, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umfanekiso udluliselwe ngokuchanekileyo. Isebenza ngokubambisana ne-cylinder yengubo, idala i-sandwich-like configuration. Njengoko i-cylinder yengubo idlulisela i-inki kwiphepha, isilinda esichukumisayo sisebenza ngoxinzelelo, sivumela ukuba i-inki ifunxwe yimicu yephepha.

Isilinda esibonakalayo senziwa ngentsimbi okanye enye into eyomeleleyo ukumelana noxinzelelo kunye nokubonelela ngombono ongaguqukiyo. Kubalulekile ukuba i-cylinder ye-impression isebenzise inani elifanelekileyo loxinzelelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhanjiswa komfanekiso ofanelekileyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa iphepha okanye i-substrate.

Inkqubo Yoshicilelo

Ukuqonda ubuxhakaxhaka bomatshini wokushicilela weoffset akuphelelanga ngaphandle kokuphonononga kwinkqubo yoshicilelo ngokwayo. Emva kokuba inki isetyenziswe kwi-cylinder yengubo, ilungele ukuhanjiswa kwiphepha okanye i-substrate.

Njengoko iphepha lidlula kumatshini wokushicilela, lidibana ne-cylinder yengubo. Umfanekiso udluliselwa kwiphepha ngokudibanisa uxinzelelo, inki, kunye ne-absorbency yephepha ngokwalo. I-cylinder yengubo ijikeleza ngokuvumelanisa nephepha, iqinisekisa ukuba yonke indawo ihlanganiswe nomfanekiso.

Inkqubo yoshicilelo ye-offset ivelisa izishicilelo ezibukhali nezicocekileyo, ngenxa yokukwazi ukugcina umaleko we-inki ongaguqukiyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokushicilela. Oku kuphumela kwimibala eqaqambileyo, iinkcukacha ezintle, kunye nombhalo obukhali, okwenza ushicilelo lweoffset lube lolona lukhethwayo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka amaphephancwadi, iincwadana ezinemifanekiso, nezinto zokupakisha.

Isishwankathelo

Oomatshini bokushicilela be-Offset baye baguqula ishishini loshicilelo, nto leyo evumela ukuveliswa koshicilelo oluninzi olukumgangatho ophezulu ngokuchaneka okungaqhelekanga nokusebenza kakuhle. Ubuchwephesha obusemva kwaba matshini bubandakanya ukusebenzelana okuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya isilinda sepleyiti, isilinda sengubo, kunye nesilinda esibonakalayo. Inkqubo ye-inki iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuchanekileyo kwe-inki kwipleyiti kunye nengubo, ngelixa inkqubo yokushicilela ngokwayo iqinisekisa ukuveliswa komfanekiso ococekileyo kunye nokuhambelana.

Ukuqonda ubuchwephesha boomatshini bokushicilela beoffset kunika ulwazi oluxabiseke kakhulu kwinkqubo yoshicilelo, okwenza ukuba iingcali kunye nabanomdla baxabise ubugcisa nenzululwazi emva kobu bugcisa bumangalisayo. Njengoko itekhnoloji yoshicilelo iqhubeka nokuvela, ushicilelo lweoffset luhlala luyindlela ezinzileyo nethembekileyo, exhasa amashishini ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi liphela.