I-Mechanics Yemishini Yokuphrinta Ye-Offset: Ukuqonda Inqubo

Ukunyathelisa sekuhambe ibanga elide kusukela kwaqalwa, nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokunyathelisa ezithuthukiswayo futhi zathuthukiswa ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Phakathi kwalezi zindlela, ukunyathelisa nge-offset kuye kwavela njengenye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu nezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset iye yashintsha ukukhiqizwa okuningi, okwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukunyathelisa imiqulu emikhulu yezinga eliphezulu ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula indlela imishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset, sihlole inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi eyenzeka ngemva kwezigcawu.

Izisekelo Zemishini Yokuphrinta Ye-Offset

Ukuphrinta kwe-offset kuyindlela ehilela ukudlulisa isithombe sisuka epuletini siyise engutsheni yenjoloba ngaphambi kokuba sidluliselwe endaweni yokunyathelisa. Isekelwe kumgomo wokuhoxiswa phakathi kukawoyela namanzi, nezindawo zesithombe eziheha uyinki kanye nezindawo ezingezona izithombe eziwuxoshayo. Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-Offset isebenzisa uchungechunge lwezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingxenye zokufeza le nqubo.

Izingxenye ezibalulekile zomshini wokuphrinta we-offset zifaka isilinda sepuleti, isilinda sengubo, nesilinda esiyimpression. Lawa masilinda asebenza ndawonye ukuze aqinisekise ukudluliswa kukayinki okunembayo nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwesithombe. Isilinda sepuleti siphethe ipuleti lokuphrinta, eliqukethe isithombe esizophrintwa. Isilinda sengubo sinengubo yenjoloba nxazonke, ethola uyinki epuleti futhi iyidlulisele ephepheni noma kwenye indawo engaphansi yokunyathelisa. Okokugcina, isilinda sombono sisebenzisa ingcindezi ephepheni noma engaphansi, iqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokudluliswa kwesithombe.

Uhlelo lwe-Inking

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zomshini wokunyathelisa we-offset uhlelo lwawo lwe-inking. Isistimu ye-inking iqukethe uchungechunge lwamarola, ngalinye linomsebenzi othile. Lawa ma-roller anomthwalo wemfanelo wokudlulisa uyinki emthonjeni oyinki uwuyise epuletini bese uyifaka engubeni.

Umthombo kayinki uyichibi eligcina uyinki, bese lidluliselwa kumarola ayinki. Amarola ayinki axhumene ngqo ne-fountain roller, athathe uyinki bese ewudlulisela ku-roller ductor. Kusuka ku-roller ductor, inkino idluliselwa ku-cylinder plate, lapho isetshenziswa khona ezindaweni zesithombe. I-inki eyeqile isuswa uchungechunge lwama-roller oscillating, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani eliqondile nelilawulwayo likayinki lisetshenziswa epuletini.

I-Plate ne-Blanket Cylinder

Isilinda sepuleti nesilinda sengubo zidlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokuphrinta ye-offset. Isilinda sepuleti siphethe ipuleti lokuphrinta, ngokuvamile elenziwe nge-aluminium noma i-polyester. Emishinini yesimanje yokunyathelisa ye-offset, amapuleti ngokuvamile amapuleti e-computer-to-plate (CTP), atholakala ngokuqondile kusetshenziswa amalaser noma ubuchwepheshe be-inkjet.

Isilinda sepuleti siyazungeza, okuvumela ipuleti ukuthi lihlangane namarola ayinki bese lidlulisela uyinki kusilinda sengubo. Njengoba isilinda sepuleti sizungeza, uyinki ukhangwa izindawo zesithombe ezisepuletini, ezithathwe njenge-hydrophilic noma ezamukelayo ziyinki. Izindawo ezingezona izithombe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zine-hydrophobic noma i-ink-repellent, okuqinisekisa ukuthi isithombe esifiswayo kuphela esidluliswayo.

Isilinda sengubo, njengoba igama layo lisho, simbozwe ngengubo yenjoloba. Ingubo yokulala isebenza njengomxhumanisi phakathi kwepuleti nephepha noma enye i-substrate yokunyathelisa. Ithola uyinki ovela kusilinda sepuleti bese iwudlulisela ephepheni, iqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwesithombe okuhlanzekile nokungaguquguquki.

I-Impression Cylinder

Isilinda esibonakalayo sinesibopho sokusebenzisa ingcindezi ephepheni noma engaphansi, iqinisekisa ukuthi isithombe sidluliswa ngokunembile. Isebenza ngokuhambisana nesilinda sengubo, idala ukucushwa okufana nesemishi. Njengoba isilinda sengubo sidlulisela uyinki ephepheni, isilinda esiwuphawu sisebenza ngokucindezela, okuvumela ukuthi uyinki amunce imicu yephepha.

Isilinda esibonakalayo ngokuvamile senziwa ngensimbi noma enye into eqinile ukuze imelane nengcindezi futhi inikeze ukuvela okungaguquki. Kubalulekile ukuthi isilinda sombono sisebenzise inani elifanele lokucindezela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwesithombe esifanele ngaphandle kokulimaza iphepha noma i-substrate.

Inqubo Yokuphrinta

Ukuqonda izinsimbi zomshini wokuphrinta we-offset akuphelele ngaphandle kokuhlolisisa inqubo yokuphrinta ngokwayo. Uma uyinki ususetshenziswe kusilinda sengubo, usulungele ukudluliselwa ephepheni noma ku-substrate.

Njengoba iphepha lidlula emshinini wokunyathelisa, lihlangana nesilinda sengubo. Isithombe sidluliselwa ephepheni ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokucindezela, uyinki, kanye ne-absorbency yephepha ngokwalo. Isilinda sengubo sizungeza ngokuvumelanisa nephepha, iqinisekisa ukuthi yonke indawo imbozwe ngesithombe.

Inqubo yokuphrinta ye-offset ikhiqiza ukuphrinta okubukhali nokuhlanzekile, ngenxa yekhono layo lokulondoloza ungqimba lukayinki olungaguquki kuyo yonke inqubo yokunyathelisa. Lokhu kubangela imibala egqamile, imininingwane emihle, nombhalo obukhali, okwenza ukuphrinta kwe-offset kube yisinqumo esikhethwayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa omagazini, izincwajana, nezinto zokupakisha.

Ngokufigqiwe

Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-Offset iye yashintsha imboni yokunyathelisa, yavumela ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwamaphrinti ekhwalithi ephezulu ngokunemba okukhethekile nokusebenza kahle. Imishini engemuva kwale mishini ihilela ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa isilinda sepuleti, isilinda sengubo, nesilinda okubonakala ngaso. Isistimu ye-inki iqinisekisa ukudluliswa okunembile kukayinki epuletini nengubo, kuyilapho inqubo yokuphrinta ngokwayo iqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwesithombe okuhlanzekile nokungaguquguquki.

Ukuqonda izinsimbi zemishini yokunyathelisa ye-offset kunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile enqubweni yokunyathelisa, okwenza bobabili ochwepheshe nabashisekayo bajabulele ubuciko nesayensi ngemuva kwalobu buchwepheshe obumangalisayo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta buqhubeka nokuvela, ukuphrinta kwe-offset kusalokhu kuyindlela eqinile nethembekile, esekela izimboni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele.