indlela yokusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela we-offset

Ushicilelo lwe-Offset yindlela yoshicilelo edumileyo nesebenzayo esetyenziswa ngamashishini amaninzi nabantu ngabanye ukuvelisa ushicilelo olukumgangatho ophezulu. Yindlela eguquguqukayo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lokudala uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto eziprintiweyo, ukusuka kumakhadi oshishino kunye neencwadana ukuya kwiipowusta kunye nokupakishwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela weoffset kufuna ulwazi oluthile kunye nobuchule. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga indlela yokusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela we-offset, ogubungela yonke into ukusuka ekusekweni komatshini ukuya ekuxazululeni imiba eqhelekileyo.

Ukuqonda Ushicilelo lwe-Offset

I-offset printing, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-lithography, bubuchule bokushicilela obubandakanya ukudlulisa umfanekiso oyinki ukusuka kwipleyiti ukuya kwingubo yerabha, emva koko usiwe kwindawo yokushicilela. Le nkqubo ivumela ukuprintwa okuhambelanayo, umgangatho ophezulu kunye nemifanekiso ebukhali, ecocekileyo kunye nesicatshulwa. Oomatshini bokushicilela be-Offset bayakwazi ukuphatha imiqulu emikhulu yoshicilelo ngesantya nangokuchanekileyo, nto leyo ebenza babe lukhetho oludumileyo loshicilelo lwezorhwebo.

Ukuze uqonde indlela yokusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela weoffset, kubalulekile ukuba ube nolwazi olusisiseko lwamacandelo awo kunye nenkqubo yokushicilela. Ezona nxalenye ziphambili zomatshini wokushicilela weoffset ziquka ipleyiti, ingubo, kunye neesilinda zokubonisa, kunye nenkqubo ye-inki kunye namanzi. Inkqubo yoshicilelo ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela, kubandakanywa ukucofa kwangaphambili, ukuprinta, kunye nokushicilela, ngalinye lifuna ingqalelo ecokisekileyo kwiinkcukacha kunye nokuchaneka.

Ukumisela uMshini

Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise umatshini wokushicilela we-offset, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umatshini umiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukulayisha iphepha elifanelekileyo okanye ezinye izinto zokushicilela, ukulungelelanisa i-inki kunye neenkqubo zamanzi, kunye nokubeka ipleyiti kunye neesilinda zengubo kwiindawo ezichanekileyo. Ukuseta umatshini ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ushicilelo oluhambelanayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu.

Ukuqala ukuseta umatshini, qalisa ngokulayisha iphepha elifanelekileyo okanye izinto zokushicilela kwi-feeder. Qinisekisa ukuba iphepha lilayishwe ngokuthe tye kwaye likhuseleke endaweni yalo usebenzisa izikhokelo ezisecaleni nangasemva. Emva kokuba iphepha lilayishiwe, lungisa i-inki kunye neenkqubo zamanzi kwiindawo ezichanekileyo zohlobo lwezinto eziprintwayo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukulungelelanisa i-inki kunye nezitshixo zomthombo wamanzi, kunye nesethingi yerola yokudambisa.

Emva koko, setha ipleyiti kunye neesilinda zengubo kwiindawo ezichanekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipleyiti zixhonywe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zilungelelaniswe kwiisilinda zeplate, kunye nokuba i-cylinder yengubo ikwimo echanekileyo yokudlulisa umfanekiso kwindawo yokushicilela. Emva kokuba olu hlengahlengiso lugqityiwe, umatshini ufanele ukuba ulungele ukuqalisa ukuprinta.

Ukusebenza koomatshini

Ngokusetwa komatshini, lixesha lokuqalisa ukuprinta. Ukusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela we-offset kufuna ingqalelo ecacileyo kwiinkcukacha kunye nokuchaneka ukuqinisekisa ukuprintwa okuhambelanayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Qala ngokulungisa i-inki kunye nezicwangciso zamanzi ukufezekisa umbala ofunekayo kunye nokugubungela kwiiprints. Oku kunokubandakanya ukwenza uhlengahlengiso kwizitshixo ze-inki kunye nemithombo yamanzi, kunye nesetingi zerola ezidambisayo.

Nje ukuba iisetingi ze-inki kunye namanzi zihlengahlengiswe, umatshini ulungele ukuqalisa ukuprinta. Vula umatshini kwaye uqale ukondla iphepha okanye izinto zokuprinta ngokusebenzisa i-feeder. Beka iliso kushicilelo njengoko luphuma kushicilelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba luyahlangabezana nemigangatho enqwenelekayo yomgangatho. Kubalulekile ukugcina iliso elibukhali kwiiprinta ezimbalwa zokuqala ukuchonga kunye nokujongana nayo nayiphi na imiba enokuthi ivele.

Kuyo yonke inkqubo yokushicilela, kubalulekile ukubeka iliso kwizinga le-inki kunye namanzi kwaye wenze naluphi na uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko ukuze kugcinwe umbala ohambelanayo kunye nokugubungela. Ukongeza, gcina iliso ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi komatshini, uqinisekise ukuba onke amacandelo asebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ushicilelo luphuma njengoko kulindelekile. Ngokuqwalaselwa ngenyameko kwiinkcukacha kunye nokuchaneka, ukusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela we-offset kunokuvelisa ushicilelo oluphezulu olusebenzayo kunye nokungaguquguquki.

Ukugcina uMshini

Ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kubalulekile ekugcineni umatshini wokushicilela we-offset usebenza kangangoko. Imisebenzi yokugcinwa rhoqo ibandakanya ukucoca umatshini, ukuthambisa iindawo ezihambayo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwezinto ezigugileyo okanye ezonakalisiweyo. Ngokugcina umatshini ugcinwe kakuhle, kunokwenzeka ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuprintwa okuhambelanayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu.

Ukugcina umatshini, qalisa ngokucoca i-inki kunye neenkqubo zamanzi, kunye nepleyiti kunye neesilinda zengubo. Oku kunceda ukususa nayiphi na i-inki eninzi okanye inkunkuma enokuthi ichaphazele umgangatho weeprints. Ukongezelela, thambisa iindawo ezihambayo zomatshini, njengee-roller kunye neesilinda, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhambelana. Okokugqibela, hlola umatshini wawo naziphi na izinto ezigugileyo okanye ezonakeleyo kwaye uzibuyisele njengoko kufuneka ukuthintela imiba ekumgangatho wokuprinta okanye ukusebenza komatshini.

Ukugcinwa rhoqo komatshini wokushicilela we-offset kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ushicilelo oluhambelanayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Ngokugcina umatshini ucocekile kwaye uthanjiswe kakuhle, kunye nokutshintsha naziphi na izinto ezigugileyo okanye ezonakalisiweyo, kunokwenzeka ukukhusela imiba kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umatshini uyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokusemandleni. Ukongezelela, ukulungiswa rhoqo kunokunceda ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila komatshini kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yokulungiswa kweendleko okanye ixesha lokunciphisa.

Ukusombulula imiba eqhelekileyo

Phezu kwayo nje imigudu, iingxaki zinokuvela xa kusetyenziswa umatshini wokushicilela weoffset. Imiba eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukungalingani kwe-inki kunye namanzi, ipleyiti okanye i-blanket cylinder misalignment, kunye neengxaki zomgangatho wokushicilela. Ukwazi ukuba ungayicombulula njani le miba kubalulekile ukugcina ushicilelo olungaguquguqukiyo nolukumgangatho ophezulu.

Xa ujongene nokungalingani kwe-inki kunye namanzi, qalisa ngokulungisa izitshixo ze-inki kunye nomthombo wamanzi kunye nezicwangciso zokudambisa i-roller ukufezekisa umbala ofunekayo kunye nokugubungela. Oku kunokubandakanya ukwenza uhlengahlengiso oluncinci kunye nokubeka iliso kushicilelo njengoko luphuma kushicilelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umba usonjululwe. Ukongezelela, jonga rhoqo i-inki kunye namanqanaba amanzi ukukhusela ukungalingani ukuba kwenzeke.

Ukuba imiba ngeplate okanye i-blanket cylinder misalignment ivela, jonga ngokucophelela iisilinda ukuze uqinisekise ukuba iiplate zifakwe kwaye zilungelelaniswe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye i-cylinder yengubo ikwimeko echanekileyo yokudlulisa umfanekiso kwindawo yokushicilela. Lungisa iisilinda njengoko kuyimfuneko ukulungisa nakuphi na ukungahambi kakuhle kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ushicilelo luphuma njengoko kulindelekile.

Okokugqibela, xa ujongene neengxaki zomgangatho woshicilelo, zihlole ngononophelo iziprinta ukuze uchonge oyena nobangela womba. Oku kunokubandakanya ukujonga imiba efana nokungcoliswa kwe-inki, ukubhaliswa kombala okulambathayo, okanye ukugqunywa ngendlela engangqinelaniyo. Emva kokuba umba uchongiwe, yenza naluphi na uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko kwimimiselo yomatshini okanye amacandelo ukujongana nengxaki kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ushicilelo luhlangabezana nemigangatho efunwayo yomgangatho.

Isishwankathelo, ukusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela we-offset kufuna ingqalelo echanekileyo kwiinkcukacha kunye nokuchaneka ukufezekisa ushicilelo oluhambelanayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Ngokuqonda amacandelo kunye nenkqubo yokushicilela, ukumisa umatshini ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nokugcina ngokufanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa iiprints ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuthembeka. Ukongeza, ukukwazi ukulungisa imiba eqhelekileyo kubalulekile ukugcina umgangatho woshicilelo ongaguqukiyo. Ngolwazi nobuchule obufanelekileyo, ukusebenzisa umatshini wokushicilela weoffset kunokuba ngamava anomvuzo nanelisayo.